Nk’igikoresho gikora neza kandi kidahungabanya ibidukikije, imashini zo gusukura laser zikoresha umuco w’inguvu nyinshi kugira ngo zikureho neza ibintu bihumanye, ibice vy’umubiri, canke ivyuma bipfutse ku bibanza ataco bikoze ku bidukikije. uruhara mu gusukura neza, mu gusukura neza no mu gukingira. Ibi bikurikira biradondora ido n’ido ibihimba vy’imashini yo gusukura ikoresheje laser bivuye mu nzira zine: uburyo bwo kubona, uburyo bwo gukora, uburyo bwo kugenzura be n’ibikoresho vyo gufasha.
Uburyo bw'amaso: Ishingiro ry'uguhingura no gutanga Laser
Uburyo bw’amaso ni bwo butanga inguvu z’imashini yo gusukura n’umuyagankuba kandi ahanini bugizwe n’umuyagankuba, ibintu bihingura umuco, n’uburyo bwo gushiramwo ibintu. Lasers ni kenshi lasers z'insinga canke lasers zikomeye- zikomeye. Uburebure bw’umuvuduko w’isohoka ryavyo, ububasha bwavyo be n’incuro z’imipfunda yavyo bitegerezwa guhuzwa n’ibiranga ikintu gisukurwa (nk’ivyuma, ivyuma canke ibikoresho vy’ivyuma). Nk’akarorero, amatara y’umuco w’infrared afise uburebure bw’umuvuduko bwa 1064 nm arabereye gusukura ivyuma vyinshi, mu gihe amatara y’umuco w’umutuku (ultraviolet) yo akwiriye cane gusukura ibihimba vy’amaso vy’ukuri.
Ibintu bihingura umuco, harimwo n’ibikoresho bifatanya n’ibindi bikoresho bifatanya umuco n’ivyo kwagura umuco, bikoreshwa mu guhingura umuco w’isohoka ry’umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba w’umuco w’umuyagankuba w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’umuco w’i Gaussian, bikaba bituma inguvu zigabanywa neza. Uburyo bwo gushiramwo ibintu bukoresha amatara canke ivyirore vy’ubuhinga bwinshi kugira ngo bishire umuco ku kibanza c’ubunini bwa micron-, bikaba bitanga uburemere bw’inguvu nyinshi cane aho hantu, bica bihinduka umwuka canke bikuraho ibintu bihumanye. Ikindi kandi, amashini amwe amwe yo gusukura yo mu rwego rwo hejuru-afise ibipimo vy’ubuhinga bwa galvanomètres, ivyo bikaba bihindura umuco ku rugero rwo hejuru, bikaba bituma umuntu ashobora gusukura ahantu hanini mu buryo bubereye.
Imiterere y'ubuhinga: Umushinge wo gushikama no gushirwa ahantu
Ivyo bihimba vy’umubiri birafasha mu mubiri no kugenzura inyigisho y’imashini yo gusukura laser, ahanini igizwe n’igice c’umubiri, imeza yo gukorerako be n’uburyo bwo kwinyiganza. Ico gice gitegerezwa kuba gikomeye cane kandi gikozwe kugira ngo kigabanye ukunyiganyiga kugira ngo ukunyiganyiga mu gihe c’ugukora ntikugire ico gukoze ku bijanye n’ugusukura. Iryo meza ry’akazi ryubatswe n’ibikoresho bishobora guhangana n’ugusenyuka (nk’ivyuma vy’aluminium canke ivyuma bitagira ibara) kandi bikaba bifatanijwe n’ikintu gizunguruka canke uburyo bwo guhinduranya kugira ngo bishobore gusukura ibibanza bikomeye bigoramye (nk’imiyoboro canke amabarabara).
Uburyo bwo kwinyiganza ni ngirakamaro kugira ngo umuntu ashike ku kibanza nyaco, kandi uburyo busanzwe burimwo XYZ ibikoresho bikora umurongo bitatu- canke amaroboti atandatu-axis. Ku bijanye no gusukura ahantu haringaniye, uburongozi bw’ubuhinga buhanitse bukoreshwa n’amamoteri y’amashanyarazi butuma umutwe wa laser uguma ugendagenda mu nzira yashinzwe imbere y’igihe. Ku bikoresho bifise imiterere idasanzwe, birakenewe ko hakoreshwa ururobo rw’inganda rufatanijwe n’uburyo bwo gushiramwo ivyerekanwa kugira ngo ruhindure neza aho umuntu abona n’aho abona. Hari n’ibikoresho bimwebimwe bishiramwo ibikoresho bipima urugendo kugira ngo bishobore kugenzura urugendo ruri hagati y’umutwe w’isuku n’igikoresho mu gihe nyaco, bikaba bibuza ko ikintu co hasi coshobora kwonona kubera ukunyuranya kw’uburebure bw’ibarabara.
Uburyo bwo kugenzura: Ikibanza c'ibikorwa vy'ubwenge
Uburyo bwo kugenzura burahuza ibikorwa bihuje vy’uburyo bw’amaso n’ubw’ubuhinga. Ishingiro ryayo rigizwe na mudasobwa y’inganda, umuyagankuba w’umuyagankuba, n’umuntu-imashini (HMI). Mudasobwa y’inganda ikoresha ubuhinga bw’igihe nyaco kugira ngo igenzure ibipimo vy’impumuro ya laser (nk’ububasha bw’isonga, ubwaguke bw’impumuro, n’urugero rw’ugusubiramwo) kandi ihindura mu buryo bukomeye inguvu zisohoka zishingiye ku nyishu z’ibimenyetso. Nk’akarorero, igihe umuntu asukura ibice vy’ivyuma bita oxide, iyo sisitemu yoshobora gutangura n’ugupima imbere y’uko umuntu akoresha inguvu nke -imbere y’uko yongera buhorobuhoro ubushobozi bwo gukuraho ibintu bihumanye cane.
HMI, mu bisanzwe ni igikoresho gikora ku mubiri canke porogarama yihariye, ituma uwuyikoresha ashobora gushinga uburyo bwo gusukura (nk’ugukomeza gupima canke gusukura bishingiye ku ciyumviro), gusobanura aho ibikoresho bikorerwa, no kugenzura uko ibikoresho vyifashe. Ico gikoresho co gukingira umutekano ni ikintu gihambaye cane mu bijanye n’uburyo bwo kugenzura kandi kirimwo ubuto bwo guhagarika mu gihe c’ivyago, amabarabara y’amaso, n’inzugi zikingira umutekano w’umuyagankuba kugira ngo amashanyarazi ashobore guhagarara ubwo nyene be n’umutekano w’abakozi iyo habaye ikintu kidasanzwe.
Ivyuma vy'inyongera: Bituma bikora neza kandi bitekanye
Naho ibikoresho vy’inyongera atari vyo nyamukuru ahubwo ari ngirakamaro, ahanini birimwo uburyo bwo gukonjesha, ibikoresho vyo gukuraho inkungugu be n’ibikoresho vyo kwikingira. Laser zitanga ubushuhe bwinshi mu gihe zikora, bikaba bisaba ko habaho uburyo bwo gukonjesha amazi canke umuyaga bizunguruka kugira ngo zikomeze gukora neza. Igikoresho co gukuraho inkungugu gikoresha uburyo bwo kunyonga canke gufuha umuyaga kugira ngo gikuremwo ningoga inkungugu canke umwotsi biva mu gihe c’isuku, ivyo bikaba bituma umuntu adashobora kwanduzwa n’ibindi. Ku bikorwa vya laser vy'ububasha bwinshi-, ikibanza co gutereramwo umuco kirakenewe kandi kugira ngo inguvu zisigaye zishire ahabona ata nkomanzi.
Ikindi kandi, imashini zo gusukura zikoresheje laser zo muri iki gihe akenshi zishiramwo uburyo bwo gusuzuma ibintu bibonetse, zikoresha amafoto y’insobanuro ndende canke ibikoresho bipima umuco kugira ngo zisuzume ivyavuye mu gusukura mu gihe nyaco kandi zihite zitanga raporo z’uburyo. Hari n’ibikoresho bimwebimwe bifasha gupima indwara ziri kure, ivyo bikaba bituma abahinga bashobora gutorera umuti ingorane vyihuse.
Iciyumviro
Ivyo imashini zikoreshwa mu gusukura zikoreshwa n’umuyagankuba zirimwo ubuhinga bwo gukoresha amaso, ubuhinga bwo gukoresha ubuhinga bwa none, ubuhinga bwo gukoresha ubuhinga bwa elegitoronike be n’ubuhinga bwo kwikoresha. Mu gutuma ibihimba bitandukanye bikora neza kandi bikagenzurwa neza, barashobora gutorera umuti ingorane nyinshi zo gusukura, kuva ku bihimba vy’ubuhinga bwa none vy’ukuri gushika ku bihimba bininibinini vy’inganda. Mu gihe kizoza, n’iterambere ry’ubuhinga bwa laser bwihuta cane be n’ubuhinga bw’ubwenge bukorano, ubuhinga bwo gusukura amashini buzorushiriza gutera imbere bujanye n’ubwenge n’ugushobora guhura n’ibintu vyinshi, bihe ubufasha bw’ingenzi bw’ubuhinga bwo gutera imbere mu bijanye n’ubuhinga bwo gukora ibikoresho.